American History And The American Civil War - 1610 Words

Throughout American history, the United States Mint has coined several denominations that would now be considered â€Å"odd† or â€Å"strange† by the general public: the half cent, two-cent piece, three-cent piece, half dime, twenty-cent piece, quarter eagle, three dollar piece, half eagle, eagle, and double eagle. At the time, however, many of these were seen in everyday circulation, a completely normal denomination. Each of them had a purpose behind its inception and a practical use after mintage. For example, the two cent piece was coined during and after the American Civil War to address the shortage of small denomination coinage. The three cent piece was minted to make purchasing postage more convenient, which was priced at three cents at the time. One of these denominations stands out from the rest: the twenty-cent piece. It holds the honor of being the shortest lived circulation denomination in United States history. This, however, should not come as a surprise; the denomination was doomed from the beginning. The Western Dilemma The West had a few issues that led to the inception of the twenty-cent piece, one of which was the large supply of silver. Following the passage of the Mint Act of February 12, 1873, production of the silver half dime and silver dollar ceased, reducing the demand for silver by the government. Around this time, several â€Å"large new deposits of silver were being discovered in the West,† increasing the supply of silver and decreasing its value (Anderson).Show MoreRelatedAmerican History : The Civil War1138 Words   |  5 PagesWar makes us what we are. It changes our lives and makes our past into the future. One of the most important events in American history was the Civil War (1861 to 1865). The Civil War changed thousands of lives and our nation. At the beginning the Civil War, it divided our country but at the end of the Civil War, it brought our country back together recreating the United States. â€Å"But the Civil War defined us as what we are and it opened us to bein g what we became, good and bad things. It was theRead MoreThe Civil War On American History1206 Words   |  5 Pagescountry divided, the Civil War left a huge impact in history as it helped form what our nation is today. An inevitable conflict that was due in time to transform into a war, the Civil War was influenced by societal interests, economic changes along with political disagreements. Together, these influences sparked a nation into a great divide that ended in what is known as the deadliest war in American history. Just In the aftermath of the industrial revolution, the Civil War was ignited due to economicRead MoreThe Civil War And American History890 Words   |  4 Pages In American History many significant events took place that reflected religious faith of multiple Americans and has shaped the world we live in today. Throughout the 1800s, the most memorable times in America took place throughout the Civil War. Events that escalated before, during and even following the Civil War resulted in a chain of reactions from many people within that period. After analyzing the events of the Civil War, I was able to draw a connection to the actions of the soldiers, womenRead MoreThe Civil War And American History1528 Words   |  7 Pages Before we discuss the Civil War, we need to discuss how and what lead to this major turning point in American History. Both sides, the Union and the Confederate had its reasons to attack each other. 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TheirRead MoreAmerican History And The Civil War Essay1287 Words   |  6 PagesOne of American history’s famous battles involves the diverging of Northern and Southern states. Even when this time period itself is taught, at least from my experience learning it, that divide between Northern and Southern ideology seems even more pronounced. As United States territory expanded, so did hesitations of citizens on both sides—both Northerners and Southerners thought strongholds were put in place to sway governmental opinion, and consequently, actions. In order to bring the nationRead MoreThe Civil War And American History2238 Words   |  9 PagesRachel Lee Professor Salazar History 141 4 December 2014 The Civil War The Civil War is a war that happens within a country and in this case, the Civil War took place in the United States between the North and the South. The Civil War happened between the North and the South for various reasons. Both sides expected a short war with few casualties, and instead a little over 1 million soldiers died in the Civil War. After the war was over, the war left a huge impact on the modern world through theRead MoreU.s History : American Civil War1423 Words   |  6 PagesOmer Bhatti U.S History I Professor Ojserkis U.S History I: Final Paper In early April 1861, the attack on Fort Sumter marked the beginning of the American Civil War. However, the belligerence of both sides of the war began long before the first shot. There is a great deal of possible causes of the Civil War, and in much disagreement with popular belief the war was not solely fought about the existence of slavery. Unfortunately, there is no simple reason why the war began because there were manyRead More History of The American Civil War Essay1540 Words   |  7 PagesHistory of The American Civil War The Civil War was a brutal war between the North and South of America over the issue of slavery, which was spurred on by the secession of the southern states from the Union of a America. At the time slavery was one of the main issues in America that caused a disagreement between the north and south and these disagreements about humanity and slaves added to the tension that would finally lead to the out break of war. Slavery was almost totally abolished inRead MoreThe Civil War Is The Deadliest War Of American History Essay1853 Words   |  8 PagesThe Civil War is the deadliest war in American History. Between 1861 and 1865, over 600,000 brave souls lost their lives at nearly 10,500 battles. By the end of the war, there were nearly 200,000 African-Americans that fought on the side of the North, with 80 percent recruited from slave states (Half Slave and Half Free, 240). Wars are fought over irreconcilable differences. There may not be one specific cause. Directly or indirectly, slavery was intertwined in many of these differences and the physical

The Teachings Of Jon s Profile Essay - 934 Words

The Teachings of Jon: Profile Jon Owens was born on March 1, 1960. Jon’s parents feared of having a child with mental retardation. Jon family members are, mom is a psychotherapist and dad is a psychiatrist. Jon had two sisters Jennifer and Jennice and a brother Charlton. Jennifer is a filmmaker. Jennifer says Jon is a spiritual teacher. Jennice is a keynote speaker. Charlton is a lawyer and a doctor. When Jon was born, a pedestrian told his parents he would never reach age 5. Jon’s parents spoke with a fellow friend and doctor who had a brother with Downs’s syndrome. The family friend expressed the grief of putting brother in an institution and how it ruined his family lives. Jon’s parents thought it would best to put him in a nursing home. Jon was in a crib all his life. Jon lived in a nursing home for 6  ½ years until his caregiver died. Jon’s parents had received a call to make decisions about Jon’s care. Jon was diagnosed with having Down’s syndrome. Jon w as more than a little slow, but mentally retarded. Jon had limited intellectual and physical abilities. Jon’s was mad his first impression seeing his parents. Jon was in his crib and nonverbal. Jon’s mom was terrified and sister thought he was ugly and still in diapers at age 7. Jon had an IQ of 20-40. Jon did not know how to feed himself or self-care skills. Jon’s parents felt grief and depression, lost, and responsible. He needed a full time care. The family had to learn how to teach Jon to eat, bath, andShow MoreRelatedfggfg1486 Words   |  6 PagesDistance Education, 2013 Vol. 34, No. 1, 1–3, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2013.775715 EDITORIAL Learning about learning and teaching online The Babson Survey Research Group, in partnership with the United States College Board, has just released their tenth annual report on the state of online learning in United States (US) higher education (Allen Seaman, 2013). 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Later, it was published as a book namedRead MoreProfessional Presence Essay3928 Words   |  16 Pagescalling guided by a sense of commitment and covenantal ethic of human service; cherishing our phenomena, our subject matter and those we serve. It is when we include caring and love in our work and our life we discover and affirm that nursing, like teaching is more than just a job but a life giving and life receiving career for a lifetime of growth and learning† (Watson, J. 1978). There have been many different individual thoughts and theories on what it means to be human and how to provide a healingRead MoreSports17369 Words   |  70 PagesThe Role of Media in Sports and Sportscasting Chapter 6. Sociocultural Perspectives on Sports and Sportscasting Chapter 7. Practicum on Sportscasting Chapter 8. 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Changing perspectives on Othello Free Essays

Depending on cultural differences and upbringing a text will have different impacts on the audience. Like any great piece of literature, William Shakespearean plays deal with timeless concerns that have the ability to be adapted and presented to remain relevant for modern audiences. Shakespearean Othello Is a Jacobean play written In a time of racist attitudes towards foreigners and sexist attitudes to women. We will write a custom essay sample on Changing perspectives on Othello or any similar topic only for you Order Now This revenge tragedy follows the protagonist Othello, a black army general who Is manipulated by his ensign Ago. For me the way that race and color is presented in entrant to the stereotypical portrayal highlights the prejudice apparent in not only the Jacobean society but our own as well. This is portrayed through Sago’s racist depiction of Othello and the opposing imagery of black and white. The play can also be viewed as having a strong feminist theme. The two heroines are portrayed as capable and steadfast individuals. Both women are the only characters that remain justified throughout in their loyalty to their husbands. My Interest In Othello Is drawn to the way that race and color is presented. Shakespeare was revolutionary in his casting of a black man to be the tragic hero and white man to be the villain. In Jacobean society and even In many societies toddy, the audience would of expected to see a black man as the felon. The setting In Cyprus Is dramatically significant as it is isolated in the wild frontiers of war. Away from the structured society of Venice social norms and hierarchy are not relevant allowing Shakespeare to place a Moor in a position of authority. This daring theme of a black man in power has remained controversial ever since and it wasn’t until 1833 that a black man actually played the part. The issue of mixed race relationships was specially an issue in segregated America up until the twentieth century with Othello being played with blackjack till 1940. The unnatural war setting also enables Sago’s passion to be unmasked, unregulated by the usual constraints of society. In the exposition our first Impression of this revolutionary character Is from Ago when he disrespectfully describes Othello as â€Å"the devil†, Glenn the Impression of a beastly, barbaric man. This Is quickly contradicted when the audience Is presented with the confident and calm Othello who is clearly respected by his peers and is able to speak with grace. Othello is seen as â€Å"far more fair than black†, challenging the prejudice of the audience by demonstrating the opposite to what they expect. On the other hand Ago is a â€Å"hellish villain† portraying the stereotypical qualities that a Jacobean audience would expect from a black man. Shakespeare creates dramatic effect and reinforces the audience’s perceptions of evil being dark through the opposing imagery of black verses white. Lags evil work is performed In the duologue’s with Othello, which always occur at night. It is In this darkness that Othello Jealousy Is stirred and he Is taken away from the pure and white Desman. Ago Is using Adhesion’s goodness, which Is portrayed as light, to be the evil and darkness that destroys them all. Unmasking himself In a soliloquy I turn her virtue into pitch, That shall enmesh them all†. This reinforces the continuing theme of light opposing dark. Lags inherent racism takes its toll on Othello and gradually he acts according to this stereotype. As the play reaches the catastrophe the noble language of Othello reverts to that of the swearing Ago. Othello becomes like his enemy, a destructive avenger. Evil has won but has to triumphed as Othello finally recognizes Lags black heart, â€Å"l†¦ Emend that deem- devil why he has thus ensnared my soul†. The struggle between light and dark, despite the tragic catastrophe, resolves and light prevails. A common feminist valuation of the play focuses on how the play portrays the strength of women. In the dominant patriarchy of Jacobean culture women were not free to make their own decisions. Desman i s portrayed as a strong heroine with an uncommon verbal dexterity, not normally portrayed in Jacobean plays. She asserts her independence and challenges the patriarchy by scandalously eloping with Othello. Her father Abrogation is quick to pass Judgment and disown his daughter as â€Å"dead? † â€Å"Ay to me! † even before he has even seen her. A Jacobean audience would have understood the father’s treatment of his daughter whereas viewers today would see this as an inherently sexist act. Ago presents the misogynistic view that a Jacobean audience would relate to, believing that a women is only meant to enhance a man’s image and bring children into the would. â€Å"she that was ever fair, and never proud Had tongue at will, and yet never loud†¦ Though Sago’s beliefs are extreme they represent society’s expectation of the role of omen in contrast to the actions of the strong women in the play. The strength of these women can be seen through the solidity of both wives loyalty to their husbands. In the two women’s duologue they talk of adultery â€Å"l would not do such a thing†¦ But for the whole world†. The only reason that they would sleep with another man would be if they were given the world so that their husbands could rule it. Adhesion’s strength also amplified by the way that the play is structured. Her purity and character is Juxtaposed against how easily Othello fell under Lags malignant manipulation. She remains faithful to Othello till her last breath, not blaming her husband for her murder but â€Å"l myself†. Even though Emilie holds a very cynical view of how men portray her, most likely from her experience with Ago, â€Å"they are all but stomachs; and we all but food†. She also remains loyal to her husband stealing the handkerchief â€Å"but to please his fantasy†. Although both women are murdered and the masculine power is restored the misogynistic men do not triumph. It is only the women who remain Justified. In conclusion there are as many views of Othello as there are responders. For me the play highlights the way that a black man is portrayed in society throughout the ages. I see this through setting, dramatic structure and the opposing imagery of light verses dark. Another common interpretation of the play is the way that the play presents women. Shakespeare creates strong, individual women who are loyal and stable throughout. Their strength is emphasized through Juxtaposition and metaphor. Like would have been revolutionary for a Jacobean audience but sadly they are still relevant today in a world still fighting for social Justice. How to cite Changing perspectives on Othello, Papers

Leadership in Business Theory and Practice

Question: Discuss about the Leadership in Business Theory and Practice. Answer: Introduction: In the business sectors, leadership does not depend on the person who you are but give importance of what you have to do. In the words of Avolio and Yammarino (2013), leaders are responsible for improving the collective work, mitigating the cohesion, achieving goals and reinforce in the group identity. In short, the leaders bring the change in society in an ethical and socially responsible manner. According to Nohria and Khurana (2013), the responsible leader is considered to be the person who takes the responsibility of social, economical and environmental sector. In this context, the chosen leaders are Marissa Mayer and John Sculley who are considered to be the contemporary leaders facing challenges in terms of their leadership. Marissa Mayer was the former CEO of Yahoo and John Sculley was the president of the Pepsi-Cola and the chief executive officer of the well known organization Apple. This research essay is enriched by analyzing the challenge facing by these two leaders along with the evaluation of their leadership styles and its effectiveness. Moreover, their strategy is assessed in terms of the effectiveness of influencing the stakeholders to invest more in their organization. Lastly, a suitable suggestion has been provided on how the above-stated leaders can improve their stand point as a responsible leader. Discussion: John Sculley was formerly the president of Pepsi-Cola and then he joined the Apple organization as a chief executive officer. At that time, the CEO has faced the problems of a dispute on the licensing of software of Macintosh to the other personal computer makers (Goldman 2016). At this moment, the board of this company wanted to approve the other PC producers to use the Apples software. Sculley did not agree with this decision. As a result, Sculley was overthrown from this organization and Apple licensed their software which was a big mistake for them (Goldman 2016). After this incident Steve Jobs returned to Apple and took him back along with banning this license. Another leader Marissa Mayer who was a former CEO of Yahoo has faced a tough challenge to recover the poor condition of Silicon Valley as it is overshadow by the rivals and under gone in a poor financial situation. This would create a negative impact on the investment amount of shareholders and as well as stakeholders (Yahoo 2016). Marissa Mayer wants to implement a new organizational culture in the Yahoo during the time of reviving the growth of this organization. In this perspective, as the company faces slow growth rate along with the several problems related to organizational culture, the CEO analyzes the root cause of this issue (Apple 2016). Yahoo is a well known internet organization which spread its networks globally. This organization earns its revenues from search processes, ad displays and fess system and compete with the Google, Facebook and Microsoft (Apple 2016). In this context, the former CEO of this organization Thompson cut back almost 2000 employees in respect of diminishing the stock prices. As a result, due to misrepresentation of this fact and unstable leadership style lead to create a negative impact on the employees, shareholders and customer base. At this moment, Mayer takes the challenges to reboot the entire organizational culture for mitigating this above issue. Apple is a one of the well known organization of i-phone maker. In the words of Braun et al. (2013), the potential organizational culture depends on the factors such as applying new strategies and policies with creativity and innovative ideas, supporting changes and revising their structures with new technology which would lead to reach in the successful position. Though, this organization launches various types of products namely Apple watch, iPad and iPhone, but during the leadership time of John Sculley, the organization has faced some problems in terms of moderate combativeness, innovation and secrecy (Apple 2016). John Sculley is considered to be a successful leader in the organization of Apple. As commented by Van Wart (2013), the authentic leadership styles include the quality of positive and stable psychological state, genuine and high awareness of other and self along with development and follower regard. In this perspective, it is observed that Sculley always deal with the big customer issues and want to mitigate this as soon as possible (Forbes 2016). In the time of severe difficulty, the concerned CEO takes the responsibility of solving the alarming issue with a stable and positive mind set. This would lead to solve the issue without any complications and fearless of the other employees. Moreover, as opined by Parris and Peachey (2013), the authentic leader always follows the morality during the time of taking any decision. As per this theory, John Sculley takes the risks and learns from the change system along with a great adaptability nature and proper emphasize on morality of the com pany. Apart from this, the above-concerned CEO takes the opinion from the junior employees of this organization to respect their knowledge and decision and follows it according to the necessity of the current situation. In other words, according to Chemers (2014), as per the ethical leadership style, the leaders have the quality such as fairly and justified behavior with the followers, trustworthy and integrity commitment with the work and development process. Furthermore, this type of leader has to maintain the quality in terms of taking a proper action with the help of prerequisite knowledge and real life experience. In this perspective, Sculley is an excellent leader as he fulfills all the commitment to the work with a great excellence and care. He always treats the employees in a fairly manner from the same corner. Apart from this, John Sculley mitigates the current problems by taking a required action which is acquired from the real life experience. In addition, the former CEO of Apple does not believe in democratic leadership style as it represents the centric type leadership along with a barrier of creativity and freedom (Carlos Pinho, Paula Rodrigues and Dibb 2014). In the words of Mohr, You ng and Burgess Jr (2012), the transformational leadership follows the way of motivating and inspiring the followers for achieving the foster growth and goals of the company. As per this theory, the former CEO of Apple, John Sculley described a concept that there exists a thin line between the failure and success during the period of transformational change in terms of high tech. In this context, the CEO sets the example of Intel and IBM who has faced a situation of bankruptcy for taking the high level risk without following any proper leadership style. On the other hand, Marissa Mayer has applied the supportive leadership style for bringing the democratic nature in the organization, Yahoo. During her leadership period, Yahoo has faced several problems regarding with the failure leadership style along with issues of organizational culture and low growth rate. In this perspective, Mayer follows the sound leadership style which is not beneficial for this organization. Moreover, Mayer joined Yahoo after leaving the Google Company because of building her good and positive image at that moment. The CEO of Yahoo, Marissa Mayer thinks that by solving the alarming problem of Yahoo, she can be able to make her own destination and prospective growth (Forbes Welcome 2016). However, this is not the right decision for her at that moment. In the words of Carlstrm and Ekman (2012), according to the self leadership theory, it describes the nature of a leader in which improvement in self awareness and self behavior management exists. Mayer follows t he same type of leadership style in this organization. In addition, Marissa Mayer implements the rule of coming all the remote workers in the office which is an alarming issue in this organization. Moreover, according to Van Wart (2013), the self leadership style indicates the characteristics of a human behavior in which the person always involve in self punishing and rewarding process. This characteristic is seen in the CEO of Mayer as she believes in giving the reward that remains loyal to her. Moreover, she publicly announced that the Yahoo layoffs are over whereas, in real life it is not stopped along with a negative impact on the company and employees. As per the transformational theory, the effective leader needs to revive the strategy and policy of the organization for foster growth of the company (Chemers 2014). According to this theory, Marissa Mayer wants to boost up the organization by pushing Yahoo in diversified direction. However, this strategy is in vain as due to multiple changes in direction, Yahoo cannot accommodate this change. In addition, due to taken various strategies by Mayer, the actual growth is hampered. In this context, Mayer cannot be able to unders tand of her role in the case of huge amount of stake in Alibaba. As a result, the financial condition of Yahoo deteriorates continuously. Apart from this, Marissa Mayer motivating all the employees through the process of fear which is not a beneficial strategy for the company. Thus, the above-stated mistakes done by Mayer proves that she is not an effective leader and takes so many wrong decisions which ensure the stagnation condition of the concerned organization (Forbes Welcome 2016). During the period of John Sculley in Apple, all the stakeholders namely customers, investors, employees and distributors and suppliers are satisfied with the growth of this organization along with achieving a positive and higher amount of revenue, profit and dividend. As commented by Parris and Peachey (2013), the demand of the stakeholders ensures to maintain a better CSR policy from which the amount of sales revenue can be increased. In this perspective, John Sculley takes the appropriate strategy of CSR policy for which the amount of sales revenue and customer perception along with setting a strong customer base and customer loyalty can be done in Apple. With the help of applying proper CSR policy by Sculley, Apple can be able to launch new and innovative products along with the premium price strategy which has a high demand in consumers. This would lead to increase in production and selling part of this product. As a result, both the employees and investors get huge amount of bon us, dividend and return which is acceptable for them. Moreover, the financial condition of the organization is positive during Sculley as at that time the company earns huge profit margin which helps them to correct the debt of this organization. On the contrary, Mayer cannot be able to satisfy all the stakeholders associated with this organization as she diversified her decisions in terms of hires and acquisitions. The stakeholders think that due to absence of clear and proper direction in terms of which sector it wants to occupy, the potential and prospective growth is hampered in this organization. As a result, the existing stakeholders do not want to invest more in Yahoo. As per the stakeholders view, the strategies taken by Mayer is a mishmash situation of internet assets which cannot be cured by following this strategy (Yahoo stakeholder turns up pressure on Marissa Mayer The Mercury News 2016). According to Chemers (2014), as per the Contingency model, the responsible leader is the person who can manage all the difficult situations without any hesitation, achieve goals, and motivate all the employees along with maintaining a good relation. By following this theory, it can be justified that John Sculley performs better than Mayer as he fulfils all the above-stated conditions whereas, Mayer cannot. Conclusion: By referring to the above analysis, it can be inferred that two contemporary leaders such as John Sculley and Marissa Mayer have faced different types of challenges during their leadership in terms of issues in organizational culture. The different leadership style taken by them is effective for Sculley for motivating all the stakeholders towards them. On the contrary, due to some mistakes in case of taking decision, the leadership of Mayer is not effective for attracting the stakeholders towards them. In this perspective, Mayer needs to follow the transformational leadership style by which she can be able to mitigate the issues along with a prospective growth of the organization. Reference list: Apple, 2016.Business. [online] Apple (India). Available at: https://www.apple.com/in/business/ [Accessed 16 Sep. 2016]. Avolio, B.J. and Yammarino, F.J. eds., 2013.Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead. Emerald Group Publishing. Braun, S., Peus, C., Weisweiler, S. and Frey, D., 2013. Transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and team performance: A multilevel mediation model of trust.The Leadership Quarterly,24(1), pp.270-283. Carlos Pinho, J., Paula Rodrigues, A. and Dibb, S., 2014. The role of corporate culture, market orientation and organisational commitment in organisational performance: the case of non-profit organisations.Journal of Management Development,33(4), pp.374-398. Carlstrm, E.D. and Ekman, I., 2012. Organisational culture and change: implementing person-centred care.Journal of health organization and management,26(2), pp.175-191. Chemers, M., 2014.An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Forbes Welcome, 2016.Forbes Welcome. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikemyatt/2015/11/20/marissa-mayer-case-study-in-poor-leadership/#554398e23795 [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016]. Forbes, 2016.Forbes Welcome. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackzenger/2015/10/21/4-top-lessons-in-leadership-from-john-sculley-2/#26d013ac1962 [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016]. Goldman, D., 2016.Apple CEO who fired Steve Jobs: 'I wish I had hired him back'. [online] CNNMoney. Available at: https://money.cnn.com/2015/02/06/technology/john-sculley/ [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016]. Mohr, D.C., Young, G.J. and Burgess Jr, J.F., 2012. Employee turnover and operational performance: the moderating effect of groupà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ oriented organisational culture.Human Resource Management Journal,22(2), pp.216-233. Nohria, N. and Khurana, R. eds., 2013.Handbook of leadership theory and practice: An HBS centennial colloquium on advancing leadership. Harvard Business Press. Parkay, F.W., Anctil, E.J. and Hass, G., 2014.Curriculum leadership: Readings for developing quality educational programs. Prentice Hall. Parris, D.L. and Peachey, J.W., 2013. A systematic literature review of servant leadership theory in organizational contexts.Journal of business ethics,113(3), pp.377-393. Van Wart, M., 2013. Lessons from leadership theory and the contemporary challenges of leaders.Public Administration Review,73(4), pp.553-565. Yahoo stakeholder turns up pressure on Marissa Mayer The Mercury News, 2016. [online] Mercurynews.com. Available at: https://www.mercurynews.com/2015/01/08/yahoo-stakeholder-turns-up-pressure-on-marissa-mayer/ [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016]. Yahoo, 2016.Yahoo: The challenges facing new boss Marissa Mayer - BBC News. [online] BBC News. Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-18867477 [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016].